{"id":107301,"date":"2013-02-28T14:25:09","date_gmt":"2013-02-28T17:25:09","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/?p=107301"},"modified":"2013-02-28T14:43:08","modified_gmt":"2013-02-28T17:43:08","slug":"ask-the-researchers-11","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/ask-the-researchers-11\/","title":{"rendered":"Ask the Researchers"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-107302\" title=\"\" src=\"http:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/02\/011_Wiki_202-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"290\" height=\"131\" \/><span class=\"media-credits-inline\">WIKICOMMONS<\/span>The manner by which whales communicate acoustically seems sophisticated, complex and versatile. \u00a0\u00a0Communication &#8211; defined as any behavior that affects the behavior of another individual &#8211; is, however, a broader concept,\u00a0 far more widespread throughout the natural world than language. Symbolic language, likely restricted to humans, is but an extreme example of this principle. Whether sounding an alarm or signaling for food and sexual receptivity, alerting to detract predators or to lead the herd as it migrates, all animals communicate in one way or the other \u2013 be it chemically, acoustically or visually. Certain types of animal communication, such as the alarm call of the vervet monkey (in response, specifically, to the presence of leopards, hawks, or snakes) could suggest instances of \u201creferential communication.\u201d\u00a0 Though the monkeys in these cases produce appropriate escape responses, we can explain their process of communication without assuming that each call is a response to the presence of any particular predator, or interpreted by the monkeys hearing it as \u201crepresentative\u201d of that predator. Any discussion about the relationship between thought and language is more complex because it revolves around a stricter definition of the meaning of \u201cthought.\u201d If the thought in question is \u201csymbolic thought,\u201d a relationship to language would exist. But in this case we must also define \u201clanguage.\u201d Indeed, whenever there is an element of what we refer to as \u201csymbolic\u201d in the realm of communication, the tendency is to employ the term more loosely<strong>.\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Specialist consulted:<\/em><br \/>\n<strong>Eduardo Ottoni<\/strong>, Institute of Psychology of the University of S\u00e3o Paulo (USP)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"If whales can communicate with one another, do they have a language","protected":false},"author":475,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[170],"tags":[],"coauthors":[785],"class_list":["post-107301","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-wiki-en"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/107301","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/475"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=107301"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/107301\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=107301"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=107301"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=107301"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=107301"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}