{"id":405376,"date":"2021-08-20T11:52:12","date_gmt":"2021-08-20T14:52:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/?p=405376"},"modified":"2021-08-20T11:52:12","modified_gmt":"2021-08-20T14:52:12","slug":"public-rd-funding","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/public-rd-funding\/","title":{"rendered":"Public R&#038;D funding"},"content":{"rendered":"<ul>\n<li>Government spending on research and development (R&amp;D) as a proportion of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) shows a clear trend toward recovery among some of the largest economies in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), after a long period of decline compared to private spending<\/li>\n<li>In the last two years, R&amp;D funding in relation to GDP by the public sector has grown in the countries shown above. Some of the countries with the highest national expenditure on R&amp;D, such as Germany and South Korea, show a sharp upward trend, with total spending (public and private) as a percentage of GDP exceeding 3%<\/li>\n<li>In the opposite direction, the percentage of GDP spent on public R&amp;D funding in Brazil has been falling since 2015. The decline has occurred amid stagnation of Brazilian GDP in real terms throughout the period. Public spending on R&amp;D in Brazil has historically been lower than OECD countries, which makes the drop in recent years even more concerning<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div><div class='overflow-responsive-img' style='text-align:center'><picture data-tablet=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/011_Dados_305-0-mobile.png\" data-tablet_size=\"760x460\" alt=\"\">\n    <source srcset=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/011_Dados_305-0-desktop-true.png\" media=\"(min-width: 1920px)\" \/>\n    <source srcset=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/011_Dados_305-0-mobile.png\" media=\"(min-width: 1140px)\" \/>\n    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"responsive-img\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/011_Dados_305-0-mobile.png\" \/>\n  <\/picture><\/div><div class=\"post-content sequence\">\n<ul>\n<li>The upward trajectory of R&amp;D spending in OECD countries is even more evident when compared to the amounts allocated in 2019 and 2020 (Government Budget Allocations to R&amp;D \u2013 GBARD). From this perspective, the countries with the greatest real increases in public R&amp;D expenditure are Germany, South Korea, and Israel<\/li>\n<li>The GBARD indicator is not provided by the Brazilian MCTI. However, the MCTI budget shows a continued downward trend for public R&amp;D funding, which is particularly pronounced in 2020<\/li>\n<li><\/div><div class='overflow-responsive-img' style='text-align:center'><picture data-tablet=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/011_Dados_305-1-desktop-true.png\" data-tablet_size=\"1140x500\" alt=\"\">\n    <source srcset=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/011_Dados_305-1-desktop-true.png\" media=\"(min-width: 1920px)\" \/>\n    <source srcset=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/011_Dados_305-1-desktop-true.png\" media=\"(min-width: 1140px)\" \/>\n    <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"responsive-img\" src=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/011_Dados_305-1-mobile.png\" \/>\n  <\/picture><\/div><div class=\"post-content sequence\"><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>* <\/strong>The amounts presented by the MCTI correspond to annual allocations (LOA), excluding those intended for inactive and retired recipients, court rulings, and contingency reserve<\/p>\n<p class=\"bibliografia separador-bibliografia\"><strong>SOURCE<sup>1<\/sup><\/strong>\u00a0 Brazil: MCTI, National Science, Technology, and Innovation Indicators, 2019. Other countries: OECD, Main Science and Technology Indicators \u2013 MSTI database, Government-financed GERD as a percentage of GDP. Data accessed on 06\/10\/2021<\/p>\n<p class=\"bibliografia\"><strong>SOURCE<sup>2<\/sup><\/strong>\u00a0 Brazil: Integrated Planning and Budget System (SIOP). Data accessed on 06\/11\/2021. Prepared by the FAPESP Studies and Indicators Team (DPCTA). Other countries: OECD Statistics, Goverment Budget Allocations to R&amp;D (GBARD). Data accessed on 06\/10\/2021. Prepared by the FAPESP Studies and Indicators Team (DPCTA).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Government expenditure on R&#038;D in relation to GDP ","protected":false},"author":475,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1328],"tags":[234],"coauthors":[785],"class_list":["post-405376","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-data","tag-finance"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/405376","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/475"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=405376"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/405376\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":406661,"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/405376\/revisions\/406661"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=405376"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=405376"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=405376"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=405376"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}