{"id":546438,"date":"2025-05-09T15:05:09","date_gmt":"2025-05-09T18:05:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/?p=546438"},"modified":"2025-05-09T15:05:09","modified_gmt":"2025-05-09T18:05:09","slug":"another-el-nino-south-of-the-equator","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/another-el-nino-south-of-the-equator\/","title":{"rendered":"Another El Ni\u00f1o, south of the equator"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>An international team of researchers has identified another El Ni\u00f1o\u2014a variation in winds and currents in the tropical Pacific Oceans that influences weather across the planet. The Southern Hemisphere Circumpolar Wavenumber-4 Pattern, dubbed the \u201cNew El Ni\u00f1o,\u201d is emerging to the south of the southwestern subtropical Pacific. \u201cThis discovery is like finding a new switch in Earth&#8217;s climate,\u201d meteorologist Balaji Senapati of the University of Reading, UK, told ScienceAlert. Early in the Southern Hemisphere\u2019s summer (between December and February), in a relatively small area of ocean near Australia and New Zealand, annual fluctuations in sea surface temperature occur that are linked to a specific pattern known as wavenumber-4 (W4), which causes changes in atmospheric temperatures in the subtropics and mid-latitudes. Winds then carry these temperature changes through the atmosphere, and according to studies, can carry warm or cool air around the globe in a climate pattern distinct from the known El Ni\u00f1o and its sister phenomenon, La Ni\u00f1a, which occur in the equatorial Pacific. The discovery helps explain the intense droughts seen in the Southern Hemisphere in recent years (<a href=\"https:\/\/agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/abs\/10.1029\/2023JC020801\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans<\/a>, July 6; LiveScience, July 25).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Wind and current changes in the Pacific influence climate across the planet","protected":false},"author":475,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1651],"tags":[217,200],"coauthors":[785],"class_list":["post-546438","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-notes","tag-climate","tag-environment"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/546438","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/475"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=546438"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/546438\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":546459,"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/546438\/revisions\/546459"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=546438"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=546438"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=546438"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=546438"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}