After ensuring the feasibility of the projects and consolidating the partnerships with the organizations that will implement them, 18 of the 61 proposals approved in the first stage of the Public Policies Research Program (PP) have moved on to the second stage: the research as such. The program was set up in 1998, to encourage carrying out research focused on community demands.<\/p>\n
All the research projects now beginning have to face up, for the next two years, to the challenge of producing and systematizing knowledge that contributes to defining and implementing relevant and reproducible public policies, and of associating the academic work with the demands of the community. \u201cIn the first stage, the objective was to consolidate the format of the program and the relationships with partners, in such a way that they took effective part in designing the research\u201d, says Paula Montero, coordinator of the Public Policies Program. In her opinion, an important criterion in approving projects for the second stage was the definition of a transfer and scientific publicizing plan, which, once this stage was over, would guarantee the training of technicians in the partner organizations and ensure that the project would be carried on, translated into public policy. \u201cThe outlook is optimistic\u201d, is the way Paula Montero sees it.<\/p>\n
Partnership with institutions, whether of the government or not, is a basic assumption of the Program. This type of collaboration has already proved successful in the Partnership for Technological Innovation and Improvement to the Basic Education and Technological Innovation in Small Companies programs.<\/p>\n
During the first stage of the Public Policies Program, the sponsors of each of the pre-qualified projects had financial support from FAPESP to consolidate the proposals. \u201cThere were six months of hard work\u201d, recalls Antonio Carlos Coelho Campino, of the Business Administration School of the University of S\u00e3o Paulo (USP). He is responsible for monitoring the change to making municipalities responsible for healthcare services in S\u00e3o Paulo, to be undertaken in partnership with the Health Institute of the State Health Department.<\/p>\n
Making municipalities responsible for healthcare, currently being implemented by the federal government, transfers the management of the Single Healthcare System (SUS The public health system in Brazil) to local government. City Halls have not always carried out the task successfully, since it demands training to monitor the funds transferred by the Federal Government, calculations of spending per capita, and strict investment planning. The monitoring model that the project is intends to draw up will be prepared based on studies of health municipalization to 16 towns chosen in the first stage, ranked by size of population and the ability to run the SUS, explains Campino. \u201cNow we will guide the gathering of data by the municipalities involved in the projects and create a model for giving them support in monitoring the process\u201d, he explains<\/p>\n
Health inquiry<\/strong> The project coordinated by Lilia Blima Schraiber, of the Preventive Medicine Department of USP\u2019s School of Medicine, also conducted in partnership with the State Health Department, focuses on women\u2019s health. By assessing the occurrence of cases of domestic and sexual violence among users of 20 Basic Health Units in the towns of Santo Andr\u00e9, Diadema and Mogi das Cruzes, in the Greater S\u00e3o Paulo region, the project intends to develop technology for attending women\u2019s healthcare programs. \u201cThere already are support services for victims of violence in the Justice system, such as, for example, the Women\u2019s Police Stations. This will be the first such service in the Healthcare field in all Brazil\u201d, reveals Lilia Schraiber.<\/p>\n Domestic violence, she says, has a considerable effect on women\u2019s health; it is responsible for insomnia, depression, urinary infections, and even sexually transmitted diseases. Studies carried out in Nicaragua in 1999 show suggest that this problem also has an effect on children\u2019s health. \u201cIf the quality of service and welfare improves, it may be possible to do something about this situation\u201d. In the first two years planned for the research, the professionals in the projects will be trained to use the research\u2019s tools and pre-testing. \u201cIn the second year, we will analyze the material collected in order to suggest service technology\u201d, says the coordinator.<\/p>\n Special education Agricultural policies<\/strong> In the project\u2019s first stage, for example, it was observed that there were many properties of up to 5 hectares located along the dam that surrounds the town, making intense use of vegetable greenhouse technology and areas where coffee planting dominates. Information such as this, consolidated in a municipal database, will allow the researchers to prepare at least three scenarios for agricultural development policies that will be submitted to leaders and to the Municipal Agricultural Council. \u201cIt is a generic system that any town can use\u201d, he promises.<\/p>\n The goal of the second project approved in the Farming and Livestock Raising field is to establish an institutional policy for monitoring self-management of the cooperatives in the state of S\u00e3o Paulo. Coordinated by Sigismundo Bialoskorski Neto, of USP\u2019s Economics, Business Administration, and Accounting School at Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, the project has the Cooperatives Organization of the state of S\u00e3o Paulo (Ocesp) as its partner. The work proposal is to undertake a diagnosis of the 144 agricultural cooperatives in S\u00e3o Paulo, assessing their degree of success and the capacity of each to earn money, in order to quantify their impact on the economy, as Bialoskorski Neto explains. \u201cThe data provided by Ocesp will be examined using the Artificial Neural Network (RNA in the Portuguese acronym), a procedure similar to that used to measure banking and developing country risk\u201d, explains the project coordinator.<\/p>\n Environmental monitoring<\/strong> \u201cWe have already made an assessment of the soil conditions, of the springs and the state of preservation of the surrounding forest, says Leite de Moraes. Domination of secondary forestry, pollution of the waters by fecal coliforms\u00a0\u00a0 and strong urban pressure was observed. This weakens the hydrographic system, leading to conditions that encourage erosion. In the second stage of the project, it is intended to map cultures and associate, for example, the variations in the pollution rates with agricultural or industrial activity carried on in areas close to the water sources, so as to help establish environmental protection policies.<\/p>\n Another project in the environmental field will develop a model allowing the formation of ozone in the lower atmosphere to be predicted in densely populated areas, like S\u00e3o Paulo. Coordinated by Roberto Guardani, of the Chemical Engineering Department of USP\u2019s Polytechnic School, the research will be done jointly with the State Environmental Technology and Sanitation Company (Cetesb). Ozone pollution is hard to control, since it is not the result of vehicle emissions, but is formed by substances such as nitrogen oxide under given meteorological conditions. In S\u00e3o Paulo, for example, one of the areas with highest rate of this type of pollution is Ibirapuera Park. \u201cPollution is carried by the wind\u201d, points out Guardani.<\/p>\n Besides understanding the phenomenon of ozone formation in the atmosphere better, the project will create a sort of meteorological service, with information gathered from Cetesb\u2019s 30 measuring stations, that will allow the occurrence of ozone pollution to be predicted at least a day in advance. People will be forewarned and the risks deriving from exposure, such as respiratory or skin problems will be minimized\u201d, he maintains. The second stage of the project also provides for a mobile pollution measuring station for areas not covered by Cetesb to be purchased with finance by FAPESP.<\/p>\n At the end of two years, the time planned for carrying out the research projects, the successful ones will go on to the third stage of the Program, for which the partner institution will be responsible.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Approved projects consolidate partnerships and begin research","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[166],"tags":[],"coauthors":[93],"class_list":["post-57071","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-policies-st-en"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57071","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=57071"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/57071\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=57071"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=57071"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=57071"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=57071"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\nAnother project approved in the healthcare, coordinated by Chester Luiz Galv\u00e3o Cesar, of USP\u2019s Public Health School, will carry out a health survey in five towns in the Greater S\u00e3o Paulo, Botucatu and Campinas, region, chosen in the first stage, jointly with the Coordination of the Research Institutes of the State Health Department. The questionnaires will be also be used in Butant\u00e3 region of S\u00e3o Paulo, the areaundewr the influence of the University Hospital and the Health School Center. Besides USP, the S\u00e3o Paulo State University (Unesp) and Campinas State University (Unicamp) will take part. The survey, which will be conducted in households in a sample of 6,400 respondents, will ask about the health problems that have taken place in the two weeks before the survey and the action taken by people. \u201cWe will work with the above mentioned morbidities and not with clinical diagnoses\u201d, points out the coordinator. These results will be compared with those obtained in a similar survey that the Health Department conducted ten years ago.<\/p>\n
\n<\/strong>In education four projects have already moved into the second stage of the Program. These include the one coordinated by Lisete Regina Gomes Arelaro, of USP, which will assess the public special education system, in partnership with the municipality\u2019s Education Department \u201cCampinas has proportionally the highest number of specialized teachers in special education, but, paradoxically, the municipal public network has only 200 special pupils against 2,500 registered in the private schools system\u201d, she says. Most of the teachers, although hired by the City Hall are \u201con loan\u201d to private philanthropic schools, a procedure authorized by an ordinance issued by the Ministry of Education. \u201cOur objective is to develop strategies to expand the service offered in the public schools, bringing pupils and teachers back\u201d, she explains. The strategy to be adopted envisions for the development of a set of procedures for restoring families\u2019 confidence in the quality of the services provided by public schools and, at the same time, encourage schools to extend the number of special places. The proposal includes a sort of marketing campaign, using billboards and video clips on the rights of the disabled, which will be shown at places where many people congregate, such as, for example, town bus stations.<\/p>\n
\nTwo of the approved projects focus on developing public policies in Farming and Livestock Raising. The first, coordinated by Nelson Batista Martin, of the Agronomics Institute of the State of S\u00e3o Paulo\u2019s Agriculture and Supply Department, which will be implemented jointly with Piraju City Hall, envisions the preparation of a steering plan for the town. The idea is to develop a computerized system for analyzing and organizing data to carry out a census of rural properties, whose validity will be tested in Piraju but which could be used in any town.<\/p>\n
\nIn the environmental field, two projects are now beginning the research stage. The project coordinated by Jener Fernando Leite de Moraes, of the Soils and Environmental Resources Center of the Campinas Agronomics Institute (IAC), will carry out e an agricultural and environmental diagnosis for managing and monitoring the hydrographic basin of the Jundia\u00ed-Mirim river, which supplies 97% of the water used by the town of Jundia\u00ed. The partner in this case is the Jundia\u00ed City Hall.<\/p>\n