{"id":573595,"date":"2025-12-18T15:58:34","date_gmt":"2025-12-18T18:58:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/?p=573595"},"modified":"2025-12-18T15:58:34","modified_gmt":"2025-12-18T18:58:34","slug":"para-saber-de-donde-procede-el-oro","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/es\/para-saber-de-donde-procede-el-oro\/","title":{"rendered":"Para saber de d\u00f3nde procede el oro"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"attachment_573596\" style=\"max-width: 810px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright vertical\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-573596 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/RPF-notas-garimpo-ouro-2025-05-800.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"791\" srcset=\"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/RPF-notas-garimpo-ouro-2025-05-800.jpg 800w, https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/RPF-notas-garimpo-ouro-2025-05-800-250x247.jpg 250w, https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/RPF-notas-garimpo-ouro-2025-05-800-700x692.jpg 700w, https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/RPF-notas-garimpo-ouro-2025-05-800-120x119.jpg 120w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><p class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span class=\"media-credits-inline\">Robert Kacpura\u2009\/\u2009Getty Images<\/span>Las proporciones de bismuto revelan el origen del mineral precioso<span class=\"media-credits\">Robert Kacpura\u2009\/\u2009Getty Images<\/span><\/p><\/div>\n<p>Peque\u00f1as proporciones de elementos qu\u00edmicos espec\u00edficos pueden indicar el origen del oro y resolver litigios judiciales o demandas penales. Ge\u00f3logos de la Universidad de Brasilia (UnB) y del Servicio Geol\u00f3gico, junto con peritos de la Polic\u00eda Federal (PF) de Brasil analizaron 98 muestras de oro recogidas en seis \u00e1reas (Maloca da Pista, Parima, Mutum, Xitei, Alto Catrimani y Rangel) del Territorio Ind\u00edgena Yanomami, en Roraima, donde existen cuantiosas explotaciones mineras ilegales. Las pepitas de oro obtenidas de cada muestra fueron fundidas y posteriormente examinadas con lentes binoculares, microscop\u00eda electr\u00f3nica, fluorescencia de rayos X, microsonda electr\u00f3nica, microscop\u00eda electr\u00f3nica de barrido y mapeo de composici\u00f3n. Al compararlas con lingotes de origen desconocido incautados por la PF, los an\u00e1lisis se\u00f1alaron al bismuto como un elemento qu\u00edmico clave para determinar el origen geol\u00f3gico del oro y saber si su extracci\u00f3n era legal o no. Tambi\u00e9n revelaron diferentes proporciones de plata (m\u00e1s altas en las muestras de Catrimani, Xitei y Rangel), mercurio (principalmente en Parima y Mutum), cadmio, n\u00edquel, cobalto, zinc y tungsteno. El gobierno federal brasile\u00f1o est\u00e1 empe\u00f1ado en combatir la miner\u00eda ilegal en la zona, responsable de la destrucci\u00f3n de la selva (<a href=\"https:\/\/pubs.geoscienceworld.org\/gsl\/jgs\/article\/doi\/10.1144\/jgs2024-227\/652500\/Forensic-geology-and-gold-traceability-a-case\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>Journal of Geological Society<\/em><\/a>, marzo).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Elementos qu\u00edmicos ayudan a rastrear el origen del oro y revelan explotaciones mineras ilegales","protected":false},"author":706,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1670],"tags":[269],"coauthors":[3992],"class_list":["post-573595","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-notas-es","tag-ambiente-es"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/573595","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/706"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=573595"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/573595\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":573600,"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/573595\/revisions\/573600"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=573595"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=573595"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=573595"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/es\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=573595"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}