{"id":119661,"date":"2013-06-03T17:31:39","date_gmt":"2013-06-03T20:31:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/?p=119661"},"modified":"2013-06-06T12:29:19","modified_gmt":"2013-06-06T15:29:19","slug":"projets-pour-produire-de-lenergie-propre-et-un-climat-salutaire","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/fr\/projets-pour-produire-de-lenergie-propre-et-un-climat-salutaire\/","title":{"rendered":"Projets pour produire de l\u2019\u00e9nergie propre et un climat salutaire"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><!--[if gte mso 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Dans ce num\u00e9ro nous en avons r\u00e9uni 18 parmi les plus importants reportages de nos \u00e9ditions mensuelles en portugais parues entre novembre 2007 et f\u00e9vrier 2009, pour pr\u00e9senter aux lecteurs francophones un aper\u00e7u succint et g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de la production scientifique et technologique br\u00e9silienne au cours de cette p\u00e9riode. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span lang=\"FR\">Nous avons maintenu, essentiellement, le m\u00eame mod\u00e8le \u00e9ditorial de nos \u00e9ditions nationales, de telle sorte que les pages de la revue apparaissent dans une s\u00e9quence ouverte par les textes de politique scientifique et technologique, auxquels se succ\u00e8dent les reportages de sciences, puis ceux de technologie et, finalement, les textes dans le domaine des sciences humaines. Une entrevue ping-pong de l\u2019ex-pr\u00e9sident de la R\u00e9publique, le sociologue Fernando Henrique Cardoso (page 13), et le reportage pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 en couverture de l\u2019\u00e9dition (page 18) pr\u00e9c\u00e8dent cet ensemble de textes. L\u2019ex-pr\u00e9sident Cardoso aborde le stage actuel du d\u00e9bat \u00e0 propos des questions environnementales au Br\u00e9sil et dans le monde, soulignant son \u00e9volution et l\u2019acceptation croissante des changements climatiques globaux en tant que probl\u00e8me grave et r\u00e9el de l\u2019humanit\u00e9. Cette revue comporte, d\u2019ailleurs, un autre article sur le climat (page 28), relatif au Programme FAPESP de Recherche sur les Changements Climatiques Globaux, lan\u00e7\u00e9 par cette agence fin ao\u00fbt 2008, au cours d\u2019une convocation de chercheurs de divers domaines scientifiques, pour \u00e9largir, \u00e0 partir de l\u00e0, la contribution br\u00e9silienne \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tude sur les changements climatiques de la plan\u00e8te. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span lang=\"FR\">\u00a0Quant au reportage de couverture, il est important de rappeler qu\u2019il se structure \u00e9galement \u00e0 partir d\u2019une initiative de cette fondation, le Programme FAPESP de Recherche en Bio\u00e9nergie (Bioen), qui a vu le jour le 3 juillet 2008. Le pari de ce projet os\u00e9, dans un pays qui, depuis d\u00e9j\u00e0 quelques d\u00e9cennies, accumule des avantages dans la production de l\u2019\u00e9thanol de premi\u00e8re g\u00e9n\u00e9ration \u2013 fond\u00e9 sur la fermentation de la saccharose de la canne-\u00e0-sucre \u2013, est de vaincre les d\u00e9fis pour augmenter sa productivit\u00e9 et, en m\u00eame temps, poursuivre les opportunit\u00e9s de d\u00e9veloppement de l\u2019\u00e9thanol de seconde g\u00e9n\u00e9ration, produit \u00e0 partir de la cellulose. Il s\u2019agit, en bref, d\u2019un programme de recherche pour faire avancer la science de base et le d\u00e9veloppement technologique li\u00e9s \u00e0 la g\u00e9n\u00e9ration de l\u2019\u00e9nergie \u00e0 base de biomasse.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span lang=\"FR\">Par rapport aux textes fond\u00e9s sur d\u2019importantes recherches scientifiques et sur l\u2019innovation technologique dans divers domaines, et qui sont ici pr\u00e9sent\u00e9s, j\u2019aimerais rappeler qu\u2019environ la moiti\u00e9 du mat\u00e9riel se rapporte \u00e0 des projets r\u00e9alis\u00e9s dans des institutions de recherche de l\u2019\u00e9tat de S\u00e3o Paulo et soutenus par la FAPESP, tandis que l\u2019autre moiti\u00e9 se rapporte \u00e0 des projets d\u00e9velopp\u00e9s dans divers \u00e9tats br\u00e9siliens. Cette proportion constitue un vrai r\u00e9flexe de la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 nationale : S\u00e3o Paulo r\u00e9pond pour environ 50% de la science produite au Br\u00e9sil. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span lang=\"FR\">J\u2019aimerais tout d\u2019abord souligner, parmi les 11 textes li\u00e9s \u00e0 ces sections de sciences et de la technologie, celui qui aborde une importante \u00e9tude publi\u00e9e en 2008 qui a permis d\u2019expliquer le fonctionnement d\u2019une prot\u00e9ine essentielle \u00e0 la protection des cellules nerveuses, le prion c\u00e9llulaire sous sa forme salutaire \u2013 c\u2019est-\u00e0-dire, la m\u00eame prot\u00e9ine qui, dans sa version d\u00e9fectueuse, cause la maladie de la vache folle, la quatri\u00e8me forme connue de la maladie de Creutzfeldt-Jakob (page 40). Et, en second lieu, je voudrais attirer l\u2019attention sur le reportage \u00e0 propos de la s\u00e9rie de nouvelles connaissances et de nouvelles comp\u00e9tences technologiques exig\u00e9es par les progr\u00e8s de l\u2019exploitation du p\u00e9trole br\u00e9silien pour la zone sous-marine du \u00ab\u00a0pr\u00e9-sel\u00a0\u00bb. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span lang=\"FR\">En guise de conclusion, j\u2019aimerais noter que l\u2019objectif fondamental de Pesquisa FAPESP, qui a compl\u00e9t\u00e9 10 ans en octobre 2009, avec un tirage mensuel de 37 mille exemplaires, est de diffuser la production scientifique br\u00e9silienne avec discernement et rigueur, tout en poursuivant inlassablement la clart\u00e9 indispensable \u00e0 toute publication journalistique. Cette publication, qui est \u00e9galement disponible sur internet (revistapesquisa.fapesp.br) en portugais, en anglais et en espagnol, s\u2019encadre parfaitement dans la mission de la FAPESP, fondation publique cr\u00e9\u00e9e en 1962 pour appuyer la recherche scientifique et technologique dans l\u2019\u00e9tat de S\u00e3o Paulo, car dans cette mission est inclue la divulgation des objectifs, des processus et des r\u00e9sultats de la recherche.\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Projets pour produire de l\u2019\u00e9nergie propre et un climat salutaire","protected":false},"author":488,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_exactmetrics_skip_tracking":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_active":false,"_exactmetrics_sitenote_note":"","_exactmetrics_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1179],"tags":[],"coauthors":[1206],"class_list":["post-119661","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-editorial-fr"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119661","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/488"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=119661"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/119661\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=119661"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=119661"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=119661"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/revistapesquisa.fapesp.br\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=119661"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}