Notes

Technology

A 433-qubit quantum processor

In November, IBM presented the Osprey, the most powerful quantum processor ever created

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Astronomy

The first map of the night sky

Star catalog by ancient Greek astronomer Hipparchus (190 BC–120 BC) found in Egypt

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Biology

Fire – and microbe-proof curtains

New hospital curtain material kills viruses, bacteria, and fungi, as well as being fire retardant

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Zoology

How octopuses resolve arguments

Octopuses observed throwing shells, algae, and silt at each other

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Engineering

Cell phones and bridge health

Risk analysis method promises to add 15 years to the lifespan of bridges

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Botany

Anti-fungus radiation in herbariums

Lonizing radiation used to eliminate fungi and insects from botanical samples

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Optics

High-speed network in São Paulo

High-speed fiber optic network connects eight universities in São Paulo and institutions abroad

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Environment

The dangers of mining in Indigenous areas

Federal government proposes increasing mining on Indigenous lands in the Amazon

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Geology

In the depths of Iceland

Volcanologist identifies pattern after observing the eruption of Fagradalsfjall volcano for 50 days

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Health

Burning firewood causes respiratory diseases in children

Cooking with firewood causes respiratory illnesses in children in developing countries

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Environment

Frosts hinder Cerrado recovery

Frost can have similar impacts to fire on tree growth

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Astronomy

Spacecraft deflects asteroid

Spacecraft deliberately collides with moon orbiting asteroid

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Funding

Federal universities feel the squeeze

Budget allocated to Brazilian federal universities decreased by 45% in the last 5 years

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Music

Clearer swing when notes are delayed

Jazz musicians use subtle time manipulations to increase the sensation of swing

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Archaeology

Pesticides affecting the past

Chemicals used to combat agricultural pests can also damage archaeological artifacts

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Geophysics

Asteroid that wiped out the dinosaurs generated the deadliest tsunami in history

Asteroid that wiped out the dinosaurs generated the deadliest tsunami in history

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PALEONTOLOGY

Myanmar fossils in foreign hands

Publication figures indicate that paleontologists took advantage of armed conflicts in Myanmar to gain access to fossils preserved in amber

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Zoology

Heat and diet lead to arboreal primates living on the ground

Changes in the environment and climate could lead to arboreal primates spending more time on the ground

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Neuroscience

Scientists implant human brain tissue in mice

Researchers implant human brain tissue into rodents for more realistic investigation of diseases

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History

Mercenaries fought against the Carthaginians alongside the Greeks

Mercenaries fought against the Carthaginians alongside the Greeks in 480 B.C.

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Ecology

Floodplains foster bird diversity in the Amazon

Study shows floodplains foster bird diversity in the Amazon

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Nutrition

Beware of artificial sweeteners

Sugar substitutes can impair glucose metabolism and damage intestinal microbiome

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Environment

The causes of catastrophic rainfall in Pakistan

Pakistan suffered the worst flooding in its history this year due to a combination of climate and environmental factors, with a third of the country affected

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Public health

Chronic malnutrition falls in northern Brazil

Stunted growth in children under 5 due to food insecurity and a lack of sanitation or clean water has fallen in northern Brazil

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Paleontology

The first bipedal hominids

Considered the oldest representative of the human lineage, the species Sahelanthropus tchadensis lived around seven million years ago

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Acknowledgment

Governor reappoints executive director

Carlos Américo Pacheco appointed chair of FAPESP Executive Board

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Archaeology

Ancient peoples dug up the dead

Digging up the dead and then burying them again with adornments was a common mortuary practice for ancient South American peoples

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Astronomy

Thousands of stars in a single, clear image

James Webb Space Telescope produces image of thousands of never-before-seen young stars in a stellar nursery

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Energy

How to make hydrogen from humid air

Prototype electrolyzer produces hydrogen from air with no need for water

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Public health

The high economic cost of Zika in Brazil

Families of children diagnosed with Congenital Zika Syndrome—which includes microcephaly—face high medical expenses, partly covered by the government

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