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ECOLOGY

Rodents in the Pantanal use holes dug by armadillos as temporary shelter

Other animals, such as ocelots and foxes, were observed approaching the dens but not entering

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ZOOLOGY

GPS mapping reveals the role of forests in jaguar conservation

Study included 54 jaguars fitted with tracking collars in 12 locations across South America

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CHRONOBIOLOGY

Biological clock of cyanobacteria, which live for one day, predicts the arrival of winter

Result surprises scientists, leading them to rethink the mechanisms and evolutionary importance of adjusting to natural rhythms

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PUBLIC HEALTH

Sexual violence against boys grew at a rate of 6.8% per year between 2013 and 2022

39,900 cases were reported in the period; two of every three occurred at the victim's home

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GEOSCIENCES

Map exposes oldest structures in South America

Tomography techniques redefine boundaries of rock structures formed billions of years ago

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ENVIRONMENT

Artificial intelligence identifies areas most vulnerable to landslides

Study compares the effectiveness of five machine-learning models at predicting this type of disaster in São Sebastião

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PHYSIOLOGY

Cold and heat killed 142,700 people in Brazilian cities from 1997 to 2018

Cold and heat killed 142,700 people in Brazilian cities from 1997 to 2018

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CLIMATE CHANGE

2024 was the first year with global warming above 1.5 °C

All continents broke their average temperature record except for Oceania and Antarctica

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data

Employment in Knowledge-Intensive Sectors (KISs)

Jobs in Knowledge-Intensive Sectors (KISs) grew between 2010 and 2022

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GOOD PRACTICES

Double-checking

Initiative to fund extra verification step for biomedical research results aims to prevent publication of studies that undermine trust in science

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GOOD PRACTICES

Retracted studies

New repository of problematic preprints that were removed by their authors

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GOOD PRACTICES

Unproven

Study used to justify treating COVID-19 with hydroxychloroquine retracted

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interview

Maysa Furlan: Breaking the glass ceiling

Maysa Furlan, a specialist in natural product chemistry and the first female dean of UNESP, reflects on the challenges women face in science

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INDICATORS

Surveys reveal expansion and diversification of topics of interest to researchers in Brazil

Data indicate changes in the distribution of research teams and a greater variety of subjects studied at Brazilian universities

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interview

Maria Amélia Veras: A keen eye for disparities

Dr. Maria Amélia Veras investigates the living conditions of transgender and homosexual individuals, alongside viral factors, to curb the spread of sexually transmitted infections

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Cover

Distance learning on the rise in the private sector, representing the majority in teaching degrees

Rapid and disorganized expansion of distance-learning undergraduate courses in Brazil exposes the potential and weaknesses of the model

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Climate

Trees cool the environment, but they also heat it up

Urban trees have a greater cooling effect in hot, dry cities

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Epidemiology

Stay away from wild birds

US reports first human death linked to highly pathogenic strain of H5N1 virus

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Policy

US withdraws from Paris Agreement and WHO

US President signs executive orders withdrawing the country from Paris Agreement and WHO

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Renewable energy

Flying high, day and night, on solar power

Solar-powered aircraft flies for 24 hours, climbing 20 km and crossing the stratosphere

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Physics

Magnetic North changing location

Magnetic North Pole is moving away from Canada towards Siberia

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Environment

How to harness methane

US institute develops catalyst capable of converting methane into useful compounds

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Public health

Lesser-known dangers of alcohol

US Surgeon General warns of link between alcohol consumption and seven types of cancer

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Agriculture

Greater exports, lower biodiversity

Increase in exports to major consumer markets contributes to biodiversity loss

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Animal behavior

Social isolation leads to disorders

Chimpanzees raised in isolation face challenges in social interaction

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Astrophysics

Space centaur

James Webb Telescope captures detail of comet that behaves like an asteroid

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Medicine

Obesity drug disappoints

Anti-obesity drug proves less effective than hoped in clinical trial

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Communication

Portuguese telegraph

São Paulo's first telegraph used a system of small windows to encode messages

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Infectious diseases

Exchanging ideas… and microbes

Social interaction facilitates exchange of microorganisms between people

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Ecology

Helping Charlotte swim

Sea turtle given weighted harness to correct syndrome that caused swimming problems

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