Highlights

Epidemiology

Bacteria that causes leprosy was present in the Americas before the Europeans

Mycobacterium leprae, the main species, was brought over by the Europeans, but M. lepromatosis had already been on the continent for at least 1,000 years

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Biochemistry

First membranes may have laid the foundations for life on Earth

Study simulates primitive cell structures and advances understanding of the origin of life

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Physiology

Physical exercise reduces death of insulin-producing cells

Physical exercise reduces death of insulin-producing cells

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Public health

Number of scorpion stings increased by 154% in Brazil from 2014 to 2023

The Southeast and Northeast regions were where the highest numbers of cases occurred

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Immunology

Vaccines protect the immunocompromised against severe forms of COVID-19

Immune cells that fight the virus compensate for failure to produce antibodies

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Geosciences

Landslide scars and shallower rivers increase Rio Grande do Sul’s vulnerability to rainfall

Millions of tons of sediment were carried from the state’s hills into its waterways

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Data

Industry spending on R&D in 2022 and 2023

IBGE releases results of its 2023 Semiannual Innovation Survey (Semiannual Pintec)

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Good practices

Copy, paste, and embarrass yourself

Website lists almost a hundred scientific articles that contain phrases copied from ChatGPT queries

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Good practices

Somber details

The untold story of Black inmates who participated in a coercive malaria study

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Good practices

Historic punishment

Unprecedented punishment for Harvard behavioral scientist accused of falsifying data

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Funding

Support programs for innovative small businesses gain traction as R&D policy around the world

Inspired by the American model, these initiatives offer nonrepayable grants to small companies

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Ranking

New trends in trademark and patent registrations in Brazil in 2024

INPI list offers details of innovation activities

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Affirmative action policies

More Black people leading research groups in Brazil

More Black people leading research groups in Brazil

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Interview

Regional economics expert advocates for strengthening mid-sized cities in Brazil

Clelio Campolina Diniz was dean of UFMG and served as minister of science, technology & innovation

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Cover

Cuts to US science budgets threaten global climate research

Discontinuation of NASA and NOAA projects monitoring the atmosphere and oceans for decades poses a major risk

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