Issue # 329 _ July 2023

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Cover

At least 1.76 million people in Brazil suffer from dementia
The number of cases of the disease is increasing as the population ages and could reach 5.5 million by 2050 By

 

INTERVIEW

Alexandre de Ávila Gomide: Between dismantling and resilience

IPEA economist discusses new book analyzing the impact of policy dismantling in Brazil since 2016

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SCIENTOMETRICS

Study estimates influence of experienced researchers in collaborations

243 million articles by 2.6 million coauthors were evaluated

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Funding

Indicators show a decline in Research and Development in 2020

The pandemic affected private sector investments in Brazil

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Climate change

Mosses are major carbon sinks

The total area of land covered by moss worldwide, almost equal to the size of China, removes 6.43 billion tons of gas from the atmosphere every year

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Climate

CFC emissions have increased 2.6-fold over the past decade

Atmospheric concentration of five types of gas responsible for destroying the ozone layer peaked in 2020

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INTERVIEW

Vanderlei Bagnato: “This isn’t a case of brain drain”

Currently on leave from USP, physicist Vanderlei Bagnato has spent most of his time in Texas, where he is working to set up a biophotonics laboratory modeled after the center he heads in São Paulo

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Geology

Mountains and volcanoes in the interior of Ceará

Mineral analysis used to reconstruct the landscape and movements of large blocks of rocks in the region around 600 million years ago

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ECOLOGY

Vestiges of the sea in the Amazon interior

Fossils of marine microorganisms indicate that Caribbean waters inundated the Solimões basin at least 11 times over the last 23 million years

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PALEONTOLOGY

The ice age in the brazilian pampas

Fossils such as a tibia of a giant sloth, which can measure 60 centimeters, catch the eye amongst the shells on Concheiros beach in the state of Rio Grande do Sul

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Zoology

Food supply determines reproduction among Brazilian eagles

In four bird of prey species, the factor that most influenced reproductivity was the availability of prey, not environmental changes

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Ophthalmology

Biochemists identify retinal changes associated with blindness in preterm infants

Abnormal blood vessel formation affects the availability and utilization of lipids that constitute cell membranes

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Pharmacology

Psychedelics act against depression by stimulating connections between neurons

Antidepressant effect occurs independently of the mechanism that alters perception of reality

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GENOMICS

Primate genetic material could contribute to precision medicine

International project is sequencing the DNA of more than 200 species in pursuit of tools to predict human propensity to diseases

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Public policy

Most of the organs offered to state health services for transplantation went unused

Of the 22,824 organs offered by the National Transplant Center between 2014 and 2021, 63% were rejected, shows a survey by Brazil’s Ministry of Health

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INTERVIEW

Virginia Ciminelli: Mining territories

UFMG hydrometallurgist argues that the benefits of exploiting natural resources should be better shared with local communities

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Energy

Brazilian researchers develop sodium-based battery

New energy storage system could offer an alternative to traditional modules that use lithium

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New materials

Ultra-thin lenses for cell phones, microscopes, and telescopes

Silicon films can combine a wide field of vision with high digital resolution, although achieving high-quality multi-color images remains a hurdle

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History

Diversity characterized the punk scene in the 1980s

Documents produced by young people involved in the movement explain the context in which the genre developed in Brazil

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MUSEOLOGY

Brazil makes progress in the fight against the trafficking of cultural goods

In 26th place on the list of nations with the highest theft rates, the country joins the UNESCO heritage protection committee

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