Genetics

Biotechnology

Gene editing accelerates cattle improvement

Calves with shorter hair represent the first uses of CRISPR in animal breeding

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Epidemiology

Bacteria that causes leprosy was present in the Americas before the Europeans

Mycobacterium leprae, the main species, was brought over by the Europeans, but M. lepromatosis had already been on the continent for at least 1,000 years

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Xenotransplantation

First two pig kidney transplants

First two people to receive genetically modified pig kidneys die

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Public health

Genome diversity could help SUS

Brazil’s national health system (SUS) could treat diseases more efficiently by making use of databases on ancestry and the wide variety embedded in Brazilian DNA

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Genomics

Brazilians are even more mixed-race than you think

New DNA sequencing of 2,723 people reveals greater Indigenous and African ancestry and highlights violence that marked the formation of the Brazilian population

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Genetics

How cancer cells reach the brain

Chemical communication allows tumors from other organs to spread among neurons

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Genetics

Loss of genetic diversity encourages extinction

Decline in genetic diversity may have contributed to the extinction of the Neanderthals

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Genetics

Sunburn damages RNA

Sunburn damages RNA, not just DNA

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CHRONOBIOLOGY

Biological clock of cyanobacteria, which live for one day, predicts the arrival of winter

Result surprises scientists, leading them to rethink the mechanisms and evolutionary importance of adjusting to natural rhythms

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interview

“If left untreated, bipolar disorder is a progressive disease,” says psychiatrist Flávio Kapczinski

UFRGS researcher is part of an international group defining the progressive stages of the disorder and is leading a survey of mental illnesses in Brazil

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Interview

José Nelson Onuchic: Genetic structure modeler

Brazilian physicist who specializes in protein and DNA folding helped restore the genome of the woolly mammoth

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Immunology

How endometriosis worsens

Compounds released by immune cells stimulate lesion growth, which can be alleviated by migraine medications

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Genetics

South Africa bans GM corn

South Africa cancels commercial approval of drought-resistant genetically modified maize

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Genetics

Centre for Genomics of Emerging Diseases in Nigeria

New genomics center for emerging diseases set to open in Nigeria

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Evolution

Neanderthals were a little bit human

Some Neanderthal genes may have come from modern humans

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ARCHAEOGENETICS

Did diseases kill the Neanderthals?

Sequences detected in the genome of the extinct species represent the oldest documented human viral infections

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Photolab

In the reproductive sphere

Assisted reproduction project seeks to improve the quality of bovine eggs

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EVOLUTION

A rare hybrid butterfly

Heliconius elevatus, a hybrid of H. pardalinus and H. melpomene, has more genes from the former, but inherited the coloration capable of scaring off predators from the latter

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BIOTECHNOLOGY

Transgenic goats, rabbits, and cows produce drugs for human use

Transgenic goats, rabbits, and cows produce drugs for human use

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EVOLUTION

Neighbors who lend their DNA

Plants are descendants of algae that acquired genes from fungi and bacteria, genes that became essential to the structure of plant cells

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XENOTRANSPLANTATION

A team from USP is attempting to create genetically modified pigs to provide organs to humans

The animals will be raised in special facilities, such as one opened on the Cidade Universitária campus in April

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Zoology

The explosive evolution of snakes

A combination of genetic, ecological, and morphological data reveals the secrets of success behind these legless reptiles

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Good practices

Signs of forced consent

Suspicion that ethnic groups were coerced into providing data and biological samples calls 96 forensic genetics articles into question

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Rehabilitation

Early surgery to correct opening in the roof of the mouth reduces speech problems

Treatment also made it easier for patients to pronounce their first simple syllables

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Good practices

Automatic conversion in Excel changed to prevent errors in genetic studies

Microsoft has announced changes to an Excel feature that has become infamous for introducing errors into research data

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Genetics

Partnership to sequence the genomes of 500,000 Africans

Sequencing the genome of 500,000 Africans could aid medical research

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Health

Open innovation to fight diseases

Center for advanced therapies at Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein pursues new treatments for genetic, chronic, and malignant diseases

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GENETICS

Avian flu virus spreading across Brazil came from the coast of Chile or Peru

Pathogen obtained from a dead bird in Espírito Santo is genetically similar to the one circulating in the two neighboring South American countries

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BIOLOGY

Yellow fever virus has been circulating uninterrupted in southern Brazil for seven years

The disease vector arrived in the country’s southeast two to three years earlier than previously thought

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HEALTH

Early puberty

Maternal and paternal heritages play equal role in genetic disorder causing premature onset of puberty

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