Science

ENVIRONMENT

Pantanal breaks wildfire record in first half of the year, reflecting an increase in fires across Brazil

The number of wildfires in the biome was 16 times higher than from January to June last year

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Ecology

Current fires could change the Pantanal biome forever

Studies assess the impact on mammals, indicating that the region has not yet recovered from the fires of 2020

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Most crimes committed by men over 60 involve sexual assault

Among elderly women, drug trafficking and fraud are the most common crimes

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Elderly population in Brazilian prisons has increased more than ninefold in 18 years

FIOCRUZ study examines the living conditions and health of elderly people in prisons in Rio de Janeiro

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Female prisoners have poorer health than the general population and are often abandoned by their families

Cases of hypertension, cancer, and cardiovascular disease are two to four times higher among female prisoners than in the general female population of the same age, while one-third of female prisoners never receive visits

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Brazilian prisons increase risk of illness and violent death

Prisoners are two to seven times more likely to contract infectious diseases than the general population and two to six times more likely to lose their lives to violence

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ARCHAEOLOGY

In step

Thousands of years ago, Indigenous peoples made rock etchings beside dinosaur footprints in Paraíba, Brazil

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COMPUTING

Clear roads ahead

Five million large animals are killed on Brazilian highways every year, according to the Brazilian Center for Road Ecology

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CÉSAR LATTES, 100

A major contribution

Lattes on Mount Chacaltaya in Bolivia, where mesons were recorded in nuclear emulsions

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CÉSAR LATTES, 100

The physicist who saw a bigger picture

César Lattes' studies were based on experiments with cosmic rays and the use of accelerators in particle physics

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VIROLOGY

Mystery solved

Virus that causes chikungunya provokes inflammation in several organs, including the brain, and can lead to death

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ENVIRONMENT

The silent drama of the Pampas

In the past four decades, 30% of the biome’s native vegetation has been occupied by soybean cultivation and by planted eucalyptus forests

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Travel itinerary

The Tumucumaque Mountains National Park (PNMT) is isolated from urban areas, leaving the forest unaltered by human activity

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The mysteries of giant Amazonian trees

In Amapá, the rainforest reaches heights unexpected of a neotropical zone and has yet to be explained

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GEOLOGY

Extinct rivers of the Northeast

Sedimentary rock layers indicate that waters descended from mountains in the region some 450 million years ago

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PALEONTOLOGY

Biomechanics used to infer how titanosaurs moved

Newly described species lived around 110 million years ago in what may have been the last land bridge between Brazil and Africa

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ARCHAEOGENETICS

Did diseases kill the Neanderthals?

Sequences detected in the genome of the extinct species represent the oldest documented human viral infections

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BOTANY

Orchids emerged in the Northern Hemisphere 83 million years ago

Plant DNA study suggests modern species have diversified in the tropics in the last five million years, especially in Central America

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MENTAL HEALTH

Messages and home visits help reduce symptoms of depression in the elderly

Strategies were tested on low-income participants with low education levels in the city of Guarulhos

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NEUROLOGY

Elderly capuchin monkeys have lesions typical of Alzheimer’s disease

The finding could allow primates abundant in Brazil to be used as a model for studying the human disease

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CLIMATE CHANGE

Lack of maintenance and design flaws prevented the flood containment system from protecting Porto Alegre

Damage could have been significantly reduced if the system, installed 50 years ago, had worked properly

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ENVIRONMENT

Climate change and El Niño increased the frequency and intensity of rainfall in southern Brazil

Global warming doubled the likelihood of extreme precipitation, like the heavy rains of April/May, and increased the volume of rainfall in Rio Grande do Sul from 6% to 9%

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Interview

Eliza Freire: Lizards, snakes, and prejudice

In spaces once occupied exclusively by men, Eliza Freire identified new species and uncovered new knowledge of the diversity of reptiles in Northeast Brazil

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The challenge of understanding what animals feel

Strategies created to measure pain and try to decipher animals’ emotions

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Care and empathy for animals

Researchers from various disciplines investigate ways to reduce pain and improve the quality of life for species used or consumed by humans

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CÉSAR LATTES, 100

Academic genealogy

Survey identifies 851 master’s and doctoral graduates from six generations descending from the physicist's postgraduate work

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CÉSAR LATTES, 100

Supporting institutions

The physicist was one of the founders of the Brazilian Center for Physics Research (CBPF) and supported the creation of the CNPq

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CÉSAR LATTES, 100

A major contribution

The discovery of the pion led to a greater understanding of the cohesion of the atomic nucleus

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CÉSAR LATTES, 100

The physicist who saw a bigger picture

His studies were based on experiments with cosmic rays and the use of accelerators in particle physics

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PHYSIOLOGY

Neurons at the base of the brain control compulsive food-seeking

Neurons at the base of the brain control compulsive food-seeking

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