Marcos Pivetta

Cover

Urban heat islands make even small and midsized towns warmer

Temperatures can vary by as much as 10 degrees Celsius between areas covered by concrete and neighborhoods with more vegetation

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Cover

July was the hottest month in recent history and broke temperature records

Global warming shows no signs of letting up, causing forest fires in the Northern Hemisphere’s summer and a mild winter below the Equator

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BIOFUEL

Liquid enhancement

Applying a single dose of natural compounds to sugarcane crops can boost the production of second-generation ethanol

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INTERVIEW

Vanderlei Bagnato: “This isn’t a case of brain drain”

Currently on leave from USP, physicist Vanderlei Bagnato has spent most of his time in Texas, where he is working to set up a biophotonics laboratory modeled after the center he heads in São Paulo

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ASTROPHYSICS

Dense, compact star could be made of strange matter

With 80% of the mass of the Sun and a radius of 10.4 kilometers, the object could be made up of free quarks

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Mathematics

Algorithm reduces uncertainty in proposition that has challenged mathematicians for nearly 100 years

The work is considered a major breakthrough in the search for a solution to Ramsey's theorem, formulated in 1930

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BIODIVERSITY

Preserving the harvest

Brazil contributed with five samples of sweet potato, four of rice, two of potato, and two of millet

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ASTROPHYSICS

Super telescope gets a funding boost

Giant Magellan Telescope to receive US$205 million in fresh investment, including US$5 million from FAPESP

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cover

Amount considered as moderate alcohol consumption drops worldwide

Rise in cancer and other diseases associated with drinking small amounts of alcohol challenges the notion of moderate consumption

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cover

Alcohol has accompanied humanity since the emergence of cities and the adoption of agriculture

Some 10,000 years ago, the Chinese made a fermented drink from a mixture of rice, honey, and fruit

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Physics

Method determines whether two particles of light are entangled based on measurements of only one of them

The approach was conceived by a Brazilian scientist working with the winner of the 2022 Nobel Prize in Physics

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Climate

Extreme rainfall with the potential to cause disasters is increasingly common in parts of Brazil

Number of days with extreme rainfall in São Paulo and other state capitals has increased since the 1990s

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Astrophysics

Brazilian astronomers find “misplaced” ring around an object distant from the Solar System

A distant circular structure is found revolving Quaoar, an icy body located in the Kuiper belt

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Archaeology

Pre-historic site may harbor the first araucaria pine record in rock art

Cave painting at a prehistoric site in the interior of Paraná would be the first record of the species in rock art

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Biofuel

Natural compounds can increase ethanol production from sugarcane bagasse

Treatment applied to the crop makes it easier to capture energy stored in the plant's cellulose

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Astronomy

Gamma-ray bursts hint at the existence of a new type of neutron star

A study led by a Brazilian scientist suggests that these celestial objects last less than 1 second and have a 20% greater mass than observed

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Astrophysics

Cluster of 58 galaxies discovered in the shadow of the Milky Way

The astrological structure is located about 2.2 billion light years from Earth in a region of space obscured by the center of our galaxy

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Physics

Nuclear fusion experiment produces more energy than it consumes for the first time

The result achieved in the USA is a milestone, but there is still a long way to go to master the technology

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Physics

There are about 90 nuclear fusion reactors operating worldwide

Three small experimental machines are located in Brazil

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Physics

Dark matter could produce antimatter capable of crossing the Milky Way

Experiment carried out at the LHC particle accelerator indicates that half of the antiparticles generated in this way reach the vicinity of Earth

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Astrophysics

Data from James Webb Telescope used to reconstruct formation of planetary nebula

Images suggest the celestial object originated from an interaction involving at least four stars

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CLIMATOLOGY

Global warming could reach 1.5 °C within nine years

Global warming will reach the threshold of 1.5 ºC in nine years if there is no change in CO2 emissions

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Physics

Exotic phase of matter could be useful in the development of quantum computers

Magnetic compound in a state known as spin liquid appears to be more stable than previously thought

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Science

Pig farming has the biggest environmental footprint

Study determines the pressure placed on natural resources by food production worldwide

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AGRICULTURE

Increasing soy productivity is essential to curbing deforestation

Measures could prevent 5.7 million hectares of vegetation in the Amazon and Cerrado from being converted into cropland over the next 15 years

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COVER

Emissions of carbon dioxide—the most abundant greenhouse gas—double in the Amazon

Study indicates that increased deforestation resulted in the rainforest emitting more carbon than it absorbed in 2019 and 2020

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PHYSICS

AI for finding materials

Machine learning could accelerate the discovery of two-dimensional crystals similar to graphene but with specific properties

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Climate

The Amazon produces 8% of the planet’s methane

Most of the gas emitted in the biome comes from wetlands, but the rise in livestock farming and fires has increased emissions associated with human occupation

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BIODIVERSITY

International project preserves seeds of the wild varieties of 28 agricultural crops

Brazil contributed with five samples of sweet potato, four of rice, two of potato, and two of millet

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PHYSICS

A phenomenon similar to the effects of a black hole can affect vehicle traffic in fog

Study suggests a phenomenon similar to a black hole affects the dynamics of vehicle traffic

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