International issue | January 2018

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Cover

The mechanisms of aging
Studies of living cells and organisms identify genetic and molecular phenomena associated with physical and mental decline By and

S&T Policy

Litigation

Industrial policy in check

In response to a ruling by a WTO panel, the Brazilian government considers changes in laws and in the ways in which it encourages R&D

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Innovation

A worrisome calm

The PINTEC survey found stability in the number of Brazilian companies that innovated between 2012 and 2014 and observed increasing difficulties for industry

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INDICATORS

A map of scientific competencies

Study shows where researchers are concentrated and describes the impact of their production in the 15 administrative regions of the state of São Paulo

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Gender

The search for balance

A study comparing scientific output by women in a range of countries highlights Brazil’s improvement

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Science

Physiology

Weight across generations

Among rats, the effects of excessive or insufficient feeding can be transmitted to children and grandchildren

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Neuroscience

Hunting circuits

Two neural pathways that originate in the brain’s amygdala control the aggressive behavior of predators

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Paleontology

Shelter for giants

Extinct for 10,000 years, ground sloths and giant armadillos may have built the largest paleoburrows ever discovered on Earth

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Physics

Quantum trickster

A Brazilian group controlled the heat generated by atomic nuclei

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Electronics Engineering 

Chip for particle collisions

Brazilian researchers develop and test a device to be installed in the Large Hadron Collider at Cern

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ASTRONOMY

Hard and lifeless

Even though they resemble Earth, the crusts of some rocky exoplanets may be too rigid to be habitable

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Technology

Nanotechnology

Alternative uses for a plant fiber

Brazilian companies are investing in nanocellulose, a promising material for reinforcing plastic and cement, and the production of prostheses and sensors

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Agriculture 

Biological control against citrus greening

Companies invest in small wasps produced in the lab to combat insects that spread diseases to orange groves

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LIVESTOCK

Cattle genes

Knowledge of bovine genetics could help farmers select Nelore cattle with tender meat

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Metallurgical engineering 

More efficient metals

Technological innovations enhance performance of steel used in electric motors and power transformers

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Humanities

Archaeology

Settlers and farmers

Ancestors of the Jê group lived in pit houses and cultivated cassava and beans in the Santa Catarina highlands a thousand years ago

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History

Seeking freedom and survival

Slave women used strategies to purchase their liberation and obtain employment

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