Carlos Fioravanti and Danilo Albergaria

RETROSPECT

The roots of hunger

Josué de Castro exposed the economic, social, and biological bases of chronic malnutrition

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INTERVIEW

Mercedes Bustamante: Before the water runs out

Biologist from the University of Brasília warns that deforestation in the Cerrado also harms other regions

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INTERVIEW

Carmino Antonio de Souza: The ways of healthcare

UNICAMP hematologist helps develop a plan to resume production of essential drugs, an imperative created by the COVID-19 pandemic

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RETROSPECT

Pasteur’s ideas in our daily lives

Born 200 years ago, the French chemist established the methods used to this day to prevent the transmission of infectious diseases

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Technology

Simplicity drives frugal innovation

Developed in collaboration with users, frugal innovation is becoming better known, leading to more efficient and cost-effective products

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RETROSPECT

The Amazon’s Treasure

In an eighteenth-century book, a Portuguese Jesuit shows empathy for Indigenous peoples and, as a naturalist, describes rivers, plants, and animals

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Environment

The trash trail to the sea

UN study names the Brazilian cities that dispose of the most plastic waste and the rivers that transport it

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Ecology

Vaccinating primates against yellow fever

Early trials suggest human vaccines are effective in wild primate species susceptible to the yellow fever virus

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RETROSPECT

The history of science through letters

Oswaldo Cruz’s correspondence reflects the communication among doctors and the formation of healthcare institutions in the early twentieth century

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INTERVIEW

Virgílio Almeida: A thinker of the digital world

Computer scientist warns of the risk that the internet and its digital tools will increase discrimination and social inequality

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SCIENTIFIC COOPERATION

Consolidated partnerships

Collaborations between Brazil and Portugal prioritize studies on new energies, particle physics, and the history of the two countries in the twentieth century

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Art

Selective memory

The director of the Paulista Museum at the beginning of the 20th century commissioned paintings to exclude depictions of popular participation in the fight for Brazil’s Independence

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geography

The surprises of old maps

Navy collection brought from Portugal in 1808 reveals cartographers and little-known phenomena

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SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH

Science to help build a nation

Museums, research institutions, maps, and surveys of natural resources grew in importance in the Brazilian Empire

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RETROSPECT

Buried wealth in Imperial Brazil

Wilhelm Eschwege conducted the first major survey of the country’s mineral wealth from 1811 to 1821

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Public health

Neglected viruses

Inattention to outbreaks in Africa and the end of smallpox vaccination are facilitating the spread of monkeypox, which recently arrived in Brazil

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Environment

The damaging effects of fire

Intense forest fires make plants less able to perform photosynthesis, hindering the recovery of native vegetation

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INTERVIEW

Carlos Roberto Ferreira Brandão: Living with ants

Biologist surveyed species in the Cerrado, the Atlantic Forest, and the Caatinga, as well as managing museums

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RETROSPECT

Modernism exposition

The Independence Centennial Exposition demonstrated Brazil’s desire to build an increasingly industrial economy, which would only begin to take shape ten years later

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RETROSPECT

Rio-92 consolidated environmental concepts

World conference 30 years ago expanded the international debate on environmental problems started in the late 1960s

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Brazil 200 years

Errors and accuracies on the path to Independence

Researchers from Museu Paulista correct details of the route taken by Dom Pedro on September 7, 1822

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DATA SCIENCE

The machines that make biology a science of huge numbers

DNA sequencers, recorders, drones, and other devices are increasingly being used to save time and shake up research methodologies

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INTERVIEW

Margareth Dalcolmo: Pandemic scars

The physician-researcher discusses the difficulties faced by health professionals dealing with Covid-19, the dramatic struggles of patients she attended, and the likelihood of an increase in tuberculosis cases in the coming years

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RETROSPECT

Nineteenth century Portuguese ship identified

Historian from Lisbon recognizes the Prince of Brazil in drawings kept at British museum

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Retrospect

A Brazilian-style liberal

José da Silva Lisboa, Viscount of Cairu, defended the Independence of Brazil and adapted European theories to the early nineteenth-century Brazilian economy

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Interview

Sergio Tufik: The sleep observer

A medical researcher who began to study the effects of sleep deprivation nearly 50 years ago eventually created one of the world's most productive sleep research teams

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Retrospect

From Lisbon to Recife in 67 days

Exactly 100 years ago, two Portuguese aviators pioneered air navigation as they completed the world’s first flight across the South Atlantic

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Ecology

Vaccinating primates against yellow fever

Early trials suggest human vaccines are effective in wild primate species susceptible to the yellow fever virus

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INTERVIEW

Karen Strier: Four decades with the muriquis

American anthropologist has contributed to primate conservation in the Atlantic Forest and trained almost 80 Brazilian researchers

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Retrospect

Side effects of hunger

In 1865, a Brazilian physician described an eye disease caused by malnutrition that was common among black slaves

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